Zero Trust Architecture with Open Source Components培訓

Zero Trust Fundamentals

• Evolution from perimeter security to Zero Trust
• Zero Trust core principles: never trust, always verify, least privilege
• NIST SP 800-207 Zero Trust Architecture framework
• Zero Trust vs traditional network security models
• Open source ecosystem for Zero Trust implementation

Zero Trust Architecture Components

• Identity as the new perimeter
• Device trust and posture validation
• Network segmentation and micro-segmentation
• Application workload protection
• Data classification and protection
• Policy enforcement points and policy decision points

Identity Foundation for Zero Trust

• Identity providers: Keycloak, Authentik, Dex
• OAuth 2.0, OIDC, and SAML integration
• Multi-factor authentication implementation
• Risk-based authentication and step-up auth
• Identity lifecycle management
• Identity proofing and verification

Device Trust and Posture

• Device enrollment and attestation
• Device compliance checking with tools like Kolide, OSQuery
• Endpoint detection and response integration
• Certificate-based device authentication
• MDM integration for posture data
• Continuous device trust assessment

Network-Level Zero Trust

• Software-defined perimeter (SDP) concepts
• Open source SDP implementations
• Micro-segmentation with OVN, Cilium, Calico
• Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) architecture
• Replacing VPN with zero trust access
• Network policy as code

Identity-Aware Proxies and Access Gateways

• Pomerium: identity-aware proxy architecture
• vouch-proxy for nginx/Apache integration
• OAuth2 Proxy deployment and configuration
• Traefik with forward authentication
• Kong Gateway with OIDC plugins
• Access policy configuration and enforcement

Service Mesh for Zero Trust

• Service mesh as zero trust fabric
• Istio zero trust configuration
• Linkerd secure deployment patterns
• mTLS everywhere: service-to-service authentication
• SPIFFE/SPIRE for workload identity
• Authorization policies in service mesh
• Multi-cluster service mesh trust domains

PKI and Certificate Management

• Certificate-based authentication in zero trust
• Smallstep CA for workload identities
• HashiCorp Vault PKI engine
• Certificate rotation and lifecycle automation
• Private CA for internal trust establishment
• Certificate transparency and monitoring

Secrets Management

• HashiCorp Vault for secrets management
• Sealed Secrets for Kubernetes
• External Secrets Operator
• SOPS: Secrets OPerationS
• Dynamic secrets and automatic rotation
• Secret injection patterns for applications

Policy as Code and Authorization

• Open Policy Agent (OPA) fundamentals
• Rego policy language basics
• OPA with Kubernetes admission control
• OPA with Envoy for service authorization
• OPA with API gateways
• Policy testing and validation
• Apache APISIX with OPA integration

API Security in Zero Trust

• API gateway security patterns
• Kong open source with security plugins
• Rate limiting and DDoS protection
• API authentication and authorization
• GraphQL security considerations
• API discovery and shadow API detection

Data Protection and DLP

• Data classification frameworks
• Open source DLP tools and integration
• Encryption in transit and at rest
• Tokenization and masking strategies
• Data loss prevention policies
• Sovereign data handling in zero trust

Continuous Authentication and Authorization

• Session management in zero trust environments
• Continuous authentication mechanisms
• Context-aware access decisions
• Risk scoring and dynamic authorization
• Step-up authentication triggers
• Real-time policy enforcement

Monitoring and Observability in Zero Trust

• Security telemetry collection
• SIEM integration with open source tools
• User and entity behavior analytics (UEBA)
• Audit logging and compliance reporting
• Anomaly detection with machine learning
• Security dashboards and alerting

Zero Trust for Cloud-Native Workloads

• Container security in zero trust context
• Ephemeral workload identity management
• Admission controllers for zero trust enforcement
• Runtime security with Falco and Tetragon
• Network policies for container segmentation
• Immutable infrastructure patterns

Implementing Zero Trust Roadmap

• Maturity assessment and gap analysis
• Phased implementation approach
• Pilot project design and execution
• Change management and user adoption
• Measuring zero trust success metrics
• Challenges and pitfalls to avoid

Production Deployment and Operations

• High availability design patterns
• Disaster recovery for zero trust infrastructure
• Performance optimization strategies
• Troubleshooting authentication and authorization issues
• Upgrading and patching zero trust components
• Documentation and runbook creation

Future of Zero Trust and Open Source

• Emerging standards and protocols
• Quantum-safe zero trust considerations
• AI/ML in zero trust decisions
• Federated zero trust architectures
• Community resources and ongoing development
• Summary and next steps